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Class:angiosperms
Order:Ericales
Family:Ericaceae
Genus:Vaccinium
Scientific name: Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.
Name acc. to:Gubanov 1996
Herbar:list records    scans available    photo available    
Comments:See also: http://www.manfred-vesper.de/datei.php?did=256
Link to Flora of China:http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=2&name_str=Vaccinium+vitis-idaea
open map in a new windowtaxon distribution for Vaccinium vitis-idaea acc. to Geobotanical Regions of Mongolia by Grubov (1955)
Habitat:Larch, cedarpine and mixed forests, goltzy in forest and alpine belts (Grubov 2001).
Habit (i)general appearance of a plant
Growth form: (i)Herb, shrub, tree or climber.shrub, subshrub or semishrub (i)Shrub, multi-stemmed, mostly (0.2) 0.5 - 5 m high, shoots woody up to the tip
example: Caragana leucophloea
inherited by family Ericaceae: shrub, subshrub or semishrub
Special growth forms or habits:evergreen (i)Leaves remain on the plant in wintertime or in the dry season
example: Juniperus, Pinus, Ephedra

Parasite status: (i)Is the plant a half- or full parasite?no parasite/saprophyte (i)Plant fully autonomous, leaves with chlorophyll
example: Most plants, Ranunculus
inherited by family Ericaceae: no parasite/saprophyte
Water or terrestrial plant: (i)Where do the plants grow?terrestrial (i)Plant grows on dry land
example: Orostachys spinosa
inherited by family Ericaceae: terrestrial
Leaf (i)expanded, usually photosynthetic organ of a plant (including phylloclades)
Leaf development: (i)Structure and development of leaves.with green leaves (i)Plant with green leaves inherited by family Ericaceae: with green leaves
Leaf arrangement: (i)Arrangement of leaves at the stem.alternate (i)One leaf per node; distiche: arranged in two vertical rows, equitant
example: Phragmites
inherited by family Ericaceae: alternate
Simple or divided leaves: (i)Are the leaves simple or completely divided in several parts? Blade of the leaf entire or (more or less) deeply dissected. Attention: There are various appearances of the leaf margin (from entire to toothed and lobed). Here, we ignore this and ask only for dissections that separate the leaf for more than one third of its length or width, whatever is smaller. Sometimes, it is difficult to tell apart compound leaves from a shoot system with simple leaves: look for stipulae and/or axillary buds at the ground of the leaves: if only some possess these structures, the others are most likely leaflets of a compound leaf.simple (i)Non-divided leaf, but margin may be incised nearly to the ground inherited by family Ericaceae: simple
Stipule: (i)Leaflets at the base of the petiole, these are smaller and of different shape.none (i)Without stipules
example: Euphorbia, Ericaceae s.l.
inherited by family Ericaceae: none
Leaf colour upper side: (i)Shades of green on the leaf, upper side.green (i)Clear green
example: Tribulus terrestris
inherited by family Ericaceae: green
Leaf colour lower side: (i)Shades of green on the leaf, lower side.green (i)Clear green, in most species
example: Angelica decurrens
inherited by genus Vaccinium: green
Leaf veination: (i)Arrangement of the main veins of a leaf.pinnate (i)One main vein, several side veins, sometimes inconspicuous
example: Cicerbita
inherited by family Ericaceae: pinnate
Flower (i)reproductive portion of the plant, consisting of sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils
Flower appearance and pollination: (i)General appearance of the flower.attractive, animal-pollinated (i)attractive and coloured flowers, mostly large, attracting surely animals
example: Trollius, Rosa, Chamaerhodos
inherited by family Ericaceae: attractive, animal-pollinated
Perianth arrangement: (i)Attention: in some plants, flowers may be dimorphic in different ways (dioecious or gynodioecious). If flowers vary, record the characters of the most showy flowers.double, different (i)Two types of perianth leaves, differently coloured (sepals: outer periant leaves, usually greenish, and petals: inner perianth leaves, usually coloured)
example: Parnassia
inherited by family Ericaceae: double, different
Flower symmetry: (i)Symmetry of the perianth leaves. Attention: to assess this character, look on sepals, petals and stamens, but neglect carpels and ovary.radiary, regular (actinomorphic) (i)More than two axis of symmetry
example: Saxifraga: 5; Iris: 3
inherited by family Ericaceae: radiary, regular (actinomorphic)
Sepal number: (i)Number of sepal leaves (outer perianth leaves, calyx leaves, mostly greenish). Attention, this character applies only for flowers separated in sepals and petals, thus excluding most monocots. Be aware of the bracts (involucral leaves) of Asteraceae flowerheads, do not qualify these as sepals! Be also aware in Rosaceae is often an epicalyx developed, in this case count all parts.5 (i)
example: Polemonium
inherited by family Ericaceae: 5
Sepal fusion: (i)To which degree are the sepal leaves connected? Attention, this character applies only for flowers separated in sepals and petals, thus excluding most monocots. Be aware of the bracts (involucral leaves) of Asteraceae flowerheads, do not qualify these as sepals!free (i)All leaves separate from each other
example: Geranium
inherited by family Ericaceae: free
Petal / Tepal number: (i)Number of petal leaves (inner perianth leaves, usually coloured).5 (i)
example: Potentilla
inherited by family Ericaceae: 5
Petal / Tepal fusion: (i)To which degree are the petal leaves connected? Petals sympetalous.fused (i)petal leaves united, only tips are free (gamopetalous, sympetalous)
example: Linnaea, Adenophora, Stellera
inherited by family Ericaceae: fused
Spur: (i)A hollow, slender, sac-like appendage of the perianth leaves, storing nectar.no spur (i)Flower without appendage
example: Peganum
inherited by family Ericaceae: no spur
Stamen number: (i)Attention: We ask for the reproductive organs of the flower dispersing pollen. Count only fully fertile stamens, not staminodia (e.g. Parnassia).10 (i)
example: Silene
inherited by family Ericaceae: 10
Stamen fusion: (i)To which degree are the stamens fused? Attention: Whereas the pollen sacs itself are often free., their stalks (filaments) may be fused. Here, we count them as fused if they are together over at least one thirth of their length.free (i)Stamens with separate bases
example: Malus
inherited by family Ericaceae: free
Pistil number: (i)Number of pistils (female floral organs: style, if developed; stigma and carpels/ovary together build the pistil).1 (i)One carpel, but clearly one stigma
example: Pyrola, Primula, Alyssum
inherited by family Ericaceae: 1
Carpel number: (i)Number of carpels (carpel: forming a simple pistil or part of a compound pistil, modified leaf).5 inherited by family Ericaceae: 5
Carpel fusion: (i)To which degree are the carpels (modified leaf forming simple pistil or part of a compound pistil) fused.fused (i)Carpels united into an ovary, only styles are free
example: Malus, Berberis
inherited by family Ericaceae: fused
Style number: (i)Portion of the pistil connecting the stigma to the ovary.1 inherited by family Ericaceae: 1
Ovary position: (i)For entirely or partly fused carpels, describe their position in relation to the insertion point of perianth leaves (best done by doing a longitudinal section of a flower).inferior (i)Ovary below the point where perianth leaves are inserted, always fused to an ovary
example: Vaccinum
inherited by genus Vaccinium: inferior
Sex: (i)Distribution of male and female organs among flowers, only most commonly cases.bisexual, hermaphrodite (i)All or nearly all flowers of a plant with male and female parts
example: Haplophyllum, Chenopodium
inherited by family Ericaceae: bisexual, hermaphrodite
Fruit (i)the seed bearing organ, with or without adnate parts; a ripened ovary and any other structures which are attached and ripen with it. Aggregate fruits are handled like simple fruits for determination.
Consistency: (i)Fleshy fruits or dry fruits, see dispersal adaptations for further classification.fleshy (i)Usually non dehiscent; with a fleshy (swollen because of a high water content) outer shell, flesh edible at least for animals
example: Prunus, Amygdalus, Malus
inherited by genus Vaccinium: fleshy
Type of fruit: (i)Common fruit types (including pseudocarp).Indehiscent fruits inherited by genus Vaccinium: Indehiscent fruits
Solitary fruits (i) inherited by genus Vaccinium: Solitary fruits
berry (i)Fleshy fruit with several to many seeds in the flesh
example: Tomato
inherited by genus Vaccinium: berry
Opening of fruit: (i)Mode of dehiscence at maturity to release seeds.not opening / indehiscent (i)Fruits remain closed at maturity and disperse with seeds inside
example: Corylus (nut), Vaccinium (berry)
inherited by genus Vaccinium: not opening / indehiscent
Size of fruit: (i)Size of the fruit including appendage. from 5 mm to 10 mm (i)
example: Silene: small capsule opening with teeth
inherited by genus Vaccinium:
Dispersal: (i)Appearance of fruit or seed (if single) and adaptations to dispersal.Fleshy, edible (i)At least parts with a soft tissue edible at least for some animals (not necessarily for humans) inherited by genus Vaccinium: Fleshy, edible
Root / shoot below ground (i)plant part below ground (in most cases), including below ground shoots, without leaves
Root type: (i)Organisation of the roots.allorhizous (i)Plant with a conspicuous tap root, one larger tap root with side roots
example: Dicotyledonae
inherited by order Ericales: allorhizous
Distribution (i)region where the plant is likely to be found
Distribution (Veg. Zones): (i)acc. to Grubov 1952Khubsgul (i)In distribution data often named as '1'
Khentei (i)In distribution data often named as '2'
Khangai (i)In distribution data often named as '3'
Mongol-Daurian (i)In distribution data often named as '4'
Great Khingan (i)In distribution data often named as '5'
Khobdo (i)In distribution data often named as '6'
acc. to: Gubanov 1996
Distribution Khangay: (i)acc. Flora Khangaya 1989I
II
III
IV
V
Plant Use
Medical Plant Use: (i)Only if plant is used as medical plantUse: Both the leaves and fruit are useful for treating congestion or the common cold or liver kidney and urethral ailments. Berries are a good source of Vitamin C, A, and is rich in antioxidants and are used for raising blood pressure and in diabetics. Mongolians use extracts of the leaves and fruit for treatment of cold and improving immunity in winter season. (considered medicinal value in Mongolia acc. to Makkar et al 2009) (i)Medical use in eastern and western medicine
General Use:medical plant
Plant Status
Local Names:local names: Anis, alirs (acc. to Makkar 2009)